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1 clearance for the depth gauges
Лесоводство: зазор для пазух подрезающих зубьев пильной цепиУниверсальный англо-русский словарь > clearance for the depth gauges
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2 clearance for the depth gauges
Англо-русский сельскохозяйственный словарь > clearance for the depth gauges
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3 clearance for the depth gauges
Англо-русский словарь по деревообрабатывающей промышленности > clearance for the depth gauges
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4 наносить шкалу
•The gauges are calibrated with both pressure and corresponding temperature scales.
•The circumference of the protractor is graduated with a scale marked in degrees.
•The ruler is graduated to an inch scale.
•The straightedge portion of the plotter is engraved with a number of scales.
Русско-английский научно-технический словарь переводчика > наносить шкалу
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5 наносить шкалу
•The gauges are calibrated with both pressure and corresponding temperature scales.
•The circumference of the protractor is graduated with a scale marked in degrees.
•The ruler is graduated to an inch scale.
•The straightedge portion of the plotter is engraved with a number of scales.
Русско-английский научно-технический словарь переводчика > наносить шкалу
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6 рассчитывать с запасом
Русско-английский научно-технический словарь переводчика > рассчитывать с запасом
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7 Johansson, Carl Edvard
[br]b. 15 March 1864 Orebro, Swedend. 30 September 1943 Eskilstuna, Sweden[br]Swedish metrologist and inventor of measuring-gauge blocks.[br]Carl Edvard Johansson was first apprenticed to a shoemaker, but he soon abandoned that career. In 1882 he went to America to join his brother Arvid working at a sawmill in the summer; in winter the brothers obtained further general education at the Gustavus Adolphus College at St Peter, Minnesota. They returned to Sweden in November 1884 and in the following year Carl obtained employment with a small engineering firm which rented a workshop in the government small-arms factory at Eskilstuna. In his spare time he attended the Eskilstuna Technical College and in 1888 he was accepted as an apprentice armourer inspector. After completion of his apprenticeship he was appointed an armourer inspector, and it was in his work of inspection that he realized that the large number of gauges then required could be reduced if several accurate gauges could be used in combination. This was in 1896, and the first set of gauges was made for use in the rifle factory. With these, any dimension between 1 mm and 201 mm could be made up to the nearest 0.01 mm, the gauges having flat polished surfaces that would adhere together by "wringing". Johansson obtained patents for the system from 1901, but it was not until c.1907 that the sets of gauges were marketed generally. Gauges were made in inch units for Britain and America—slightly different as the standards were not then identical. Johansson formed his own company to manufacture the gauges in 1910, but he did not give up his post in the rifle factory until 1914. By the 1920s Johansson gauges were established as the engineering dimensional standards for the whole world; the company also made other precision measuring instruments such as micrometers and extensometers. A new company, C.E.Johansson Inc., was set up in America for manufacture and sales, and the gauges were extensively used in the American automobile industry. Henry Ford took a special interest and Johansson spent several years in a post with the Ford Motor Company in Detroit, Michigan, until he returned to Sweden in 1936.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsHonorary Doctorates, Gustavus Adolphus College, St Peter and Wayne University, Detroit. Swedish Engineering Society John Ericsson Gold Medal. American Society of Mechanical Engineers Gold Medal.Further ReadingK.J.Hume, 1980, A History of Engineering Metrology, London, pp. 54–66 (a short biography).RTS -
8 gauge
( измерительный) прибор; датчик; толщина; калибр; измерять; калибровать, градуироватьC.I.T. gauge — указатель температуры на входе в компрессор
cabin air temperature gauge — термометр воздуха в кабине, кабинный термометр
exhaust gas temperature gauge — указатель температуры [термометр] выходящих газов [газов за турбиной]
fly on the gauges — разг. лететь по приборам
jet pipe temperature gauge — термометр [указатель температуры] выходящих газов [газов за турбиной]
r.p.m. gauge — тахометр, указатель числа оборотов
stay on the gauges — разг. оставаться в полете [продолжать полет] по приборам
temperature compensated strain gauge — термокомпенсированный тензометр [тензодатчик]
turbine gas temperature gauge — термометр [указатель температуры] газов в турбине
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9 Pratt, Francis Ashbury
[br]b. 15 February 1827 Woodstock, Vermont, USAd. 10 February 1902 Hartford, Connecticut, USA[br]American mechanical engineer and machine-tool manufacturer.[br]Francis A.Pratt served an apprenticeship as a machinist with Warren Aldrich, and on completing it in 1848 he entered the Gloucester Machine Works as a journeyman machinist. From 1852 to 1854 he worked at the Colt Armory in Hartford, Connecticut, where he met his future partner, Amos Whitney. He then became Superintendent of the Phoenix Iron Works, also at Hartford and run by George S.Lincoln \& Company. While there he designed the well-known "Lincoln" miller, which was first produced in 1855. This was a development of the milling machine built by Robbins \& Lawrence and designed by F.W. Howe, and incorporated a screw drive for the table instead of the rack and pinion used in the earlier machine.Whitney also moved to the Phoenix Iron Works, and in 1860 the two men started in a small way doing machine work on their own account. In 1862 they took a third partner, Monroe Stannard, and enlarged their workshop. The business continued to expand, but Pratt and Whitney remained at the Phoenix Iron Works until 1864 and in the following year they built their first new factory. The Pratt \& Whitney Company was incorporated in 1869 with a capital of $350,000, F.A.Pratt being elected President. The firm specialized in making machine tools and tools particularly for the armament industry. In the 1870s Pratt made no less than ten trips to Europe gaining orders for equipping armouries in many different countries. Pratt \& Whitney was one of the leading firms developing the system of interchangeable manufacture which led to the need to establish national standards of measurement. The Rogers-Bond Comparator, developed with the backing of Pratt \& Whitney, played an important part in the establishment of these standards, which formed the basis of the gauges of many various types made by the firm. Pratt remained President of the company until 1898, after which he served as their Consulting Engineer for a short time before retiring from professional life. He was granted a number of patents relating to machine tools. He was a founder member of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers in 1880 and was elected a vice-president in 1881. He was an alderman of the city of Hartford.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsVice-President, American Society of Mechanical Engineers 1881.Further ReadingJ.W.Roe, 1916, English and American Tool Builders, New Haven; reprinted 1926, New York, and 1987, Bradley, 111. (describes the origin and development of the Pratt \& Whitney Company).RTS -
10 Anzeige
f; -, -n1. bei Polizei: charge(s); bei Gericht: information, denunciation; Anzeige erstatten bring ( oder press) charges Pl., institute legal proceedings Pl. ( gegen against); gegen jemanden Anzeige erstatten auch report s.o. to the police; Anzeige gegen Unbekannt charge(s) against person or persons unknown; werden Sie den Fall zur Anzeige bringen? will you report the matter (to the police)?, will you press charges?2. (Inserat) advertisement, ad umg., Brit. auch advert; eine Anzeige aufgeben oder schalten place ( oder put in) an ad(vertisement) ( bei oder in + Dat in); doppelseitige Anzeige double(-page) spread; eine vierseitige Anzeige ( in einer Zeitschrift) a four-page insert (in a magazine)4. TECH. indication; digitales Gerät, Computer: display; optische: visual display; (Ablesung) reading* * *die Anzeige(Bildschirmanzeige) display;(Indikation) indication;(Inserat) ad; insertion; insert; advert; advertisement;(Mitteilung) notification; announcement;(Strafanzeige) report; denunciation; information* * *Ạn|zei|ge ['antsaigə]f -, -ngegen jdn Anzeige erstatten — to report sb to the authorities
wegen etw ( eine) Anzeige bei der Polizei erstatten or machen — to report sth to the police
jdn/etw zur Anzeige bringen (form) (bei Polizei) — to report sb/sth to the police; (bei Gericht) to take sb/bring sth to court
2) (= Bekanntgabe) (auf Karte, Brief) announcement; (in Zeitung) notice; (= Inserat, Reklame) advertisement3) (=das Anzeigen von Temperatur, Geschwindigkeit etc) indication; (= Messwerte) reading; (auf Informationstafel) informationauf die Anzeige des Spielstands warten — to wait for the score to be shown or indicated
4) (=Anzeigetafel COMPUT) display5) (= Instrument) indicator, gauge* * *1) ((also ad, advert) a film, newspaper announcement, poster etc making something known, especially in order to persuade people to buy it: an advertisement for toothpaste on television; She replied to my advertisement for a secretary.) advertisement2) (the figure, measurement etc on a dial, instrument etc: The reading on the thermometer was -5° C.) reading* * *An·zei·ge<-, -n>f\Anzeige bei der Polizei report to the police\Anzeige gegen Unbekannt charge against a person [or persons] unknownjdn/etw zur \Anzeige bringen (geh)[gegen jdn] eine \Anzeige machen [o erstatten] to bring [or lay] a charge against sb, to report sth2. (Bekanntgabe bei Behörde) notification3. (Inserat) ad[vertisement]4. (Bekanntgabe) announcement5. (das Anzeigen) displaydie \Anzeige der Messwerte/Messinstrumente the readings of the measured values/on the gauges [or AM a. gages6. (angezeigte Information) information* * *die; Anzeige, Anzeigen1) (StrafAnzeige) reportgegen jemanden [eine] Anzeige [wegen etwas] erstatten — report somebody to the police/the authorities [for something]
2) (Inserat) advertisementeine Anzeige aufgeben — place an advertisement
3) (eines Instruments) display* * *gegen against);gegen jemanden Anzeige erstatten auch report sb to the police;Anzeige gegen Unbekannt charge(s) against person or persons unknown;werden Sie den Fall zur Anzeige bringen? will you report the matter (to the police)?, will you press charges?in +dat in);doppelseitige Anzeige double(-page) spread;eine vierseitige Anzeige (in einer Zeitschrift) a four-page insert (in a magazine)4. TECH indication; digitales Gerät, Computer: display; optische: visual display; (Ablesung) reading* * *die; Anzeige, Anzeigen1) (StrafAnzeige) reportgegen jemanden [eine] Anzeige [wegen etwas] erstatten — report somebody to the police/the authorities [for something]
2) (Inserat) advertisement3) (eines Instruments) display* * *-n f.advertisement (ad) n.advertisement n.display board n.indication n.indicator n.notice n.notification n.prompt n. -
11 Pihl, Carl Abraham
[br]b. 16 January 1825 Stavanger, Norwayd. 14 September 1897 Kristiania (now Oslo), Norway[br]Norwegian railway engineer, protagonist of narrow-gauge railways.[br]Pihl trained as an engineer at Göteborg, Sweden, and then moved to London, where he worked under Robert Stephenson during 1845 and 1846. In 1850 he returned to Norway and worked with the English contractors building the first railway in Norway, the Norwegian Trunk Railway from Kristiania to Eidsvold, for which the English standard gauge was used. Subsequently he worked in England for a year, but in 1856 joined the Norwegian government's Road Department, which was to have responsibility for railways. In 1865 a distinct Railway Department was set up, and Pihl became Director for State Railway Construction. Because of the difficulties of the terrain and limited traffic, Pihl recommended that in the case of two isolated lines to be built the outlay involved in ordinary railways would not be justified, and that they should be built to the narrow gauge of 3 ft 6 in. (1.07 m). His recommendation was accepted by the Government in 1857 and the two lines were built to this gauge and opened during 1861–4. Six of their seven locomotives, and all their rolling stock, were imported from Britain. The lines cost £3,000 and £5,000 per mile, respectively; a standard-gauge line built in the same period cost £6,400 per mile.Subsequently, many hundreds of miles of Norwegian railways were built to 3 ft 6 in. (1.07 m) gauge under Pihl's direction. They influenced construction of railways to this gauge in Australia, Southern Africa, New Zealand, Japan and elsewhere. However, in the late 1870s controversy arose in Norway over the economies that could in fact be gained from the 3 ft 6 in. (1,07 m) gauge. This controversy in the press, in discussion and in the Norwegian parliament became increasingly acrimonious during the next two decades; the standard-gauge party may be said to have won with the decision in 1898, the year after Pihl's death, to build the Bergen-Oslo line to standard gauge.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsKnight of the Order of St Olaf 1862; Commander of the Order of St Olaf 1877. Commander of the Royal Order of Vasa 1867. Royal Order of the Northern Star 1882.Further ReadingP.Allen and P.B.Whitehouse, 1959, Narrow Gauge Railways of Europe, Ian Allan (describes the Norwegian Battle of the Gauges).A biographical article on Pihl appears (in Norwegian) in Norsk Biografisk Leksikon.PJGR -
12 Whitney, Amos
[br]b. 8 October 1832 Biddeford, Maine, USAd. 5 August 1920 Poland Springs, Maine, USA[br]American mechanical engineer and machine-tool manufacturer.[br]Amos Whitney was a member of the same distinguished family as Eli Whitney. His father was a locksmith and machinist and he was apprenticed at the age of 14 to the Essex Machine Company of Lawrence, Massachusetts. In 1850 both he and his father were working at the Colt Armory in Hartford, Connecticut, where he first met his future partner, F.A. Pratt. They both subsequently moved to the Phoenix Iron Works, also at Hartford, and in 1860 they started in a small way doing machine work on their own account. In 1862 they took a third partner, Monroe Stannard, and enlarged their workshop. The business continued to expand, but Pratt and Whitney remained at the Phoenix Iron Works until 1864 and in the following year they built their first new factory. The Pratt \& Whitney Company was incorporated in 1869 with a capital of $350,000, Amos Whitney being appointed General Superintendent. The firm specialized in making machine tools and tools particularly for the armament industry. Pratt \& Whitney was one of the leading firms developing the system of interchangeable manufacture which led to the need to establish national standards of measurement. The Rogers-Bond Comparator, developed with the backing of Pratt \& Whitney, played an important part in the establishment of these standards, which formed the basis of the gauges of many various types made by the firm.Amos Whitney was made Vice-President of Pratt \& Whitney Company in 1893 and was President from 1898 until 1901, when the company was acquired by the Niles- Bement-Pond Company: he then remained as one of the directors. He was elected a Member of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers in 1913.[br]Further ReadingJ.W.Roe, 1916, English and American Tool Builders, New Haven; reprinted 1926, New York, and 1987, Bradley, Ill. (describes the origin and development of the Pratt \& Whitney Company).RTS -
13 Anzeige
An·zei·ge <-, -n> f\Anzeige bei der Polizei report to the police;\Anzeige gegen Unbekannt charge against a person [or persons] unknown;[gegen jdn] eine \Anzeige machen [o erstatten] to bring [or lay] a charge against sb, to report sth;2) ( Bekanntgabe bei Behörde) notification3) ( Inserat) ad[vertisement]4) ( Bekanntgabe) announcement5) ( das Anzeigen) display;die \Anzeige der Messwerte/ Messinstrumente the readings of the measured values/on the gauges [or (Am a.) gages];6) ( angezeigte Information) information -
14 мановакуумметр
The fittings fall into… pressure gauges, pressure vacuum gauges… -
15 на уровне глаз
•The vacuum gauges are mounted at operator eye level.
Русско-английский научно-технический словарь переводчика > на уровне глаз
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16 на уровне глаз
•The vacuum gauges are mounted at operator eye level.
Русско-английский научно-технический словарь переводчика > на уровне глаз
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17 дистанционный
The sensors of remote-reading pressure gauges are pressure transducers with either resistance or inductance converters… -
18 манометр
The fittings fall into… pressure warning units, pressure gauges… -
19 gauge
------------------------------------------------------------[English Word] carpenter's marking gauge (for scribing lines parallel to the edge of a board).[English Plural] gauges[Swahili Word] mahati[Part of Speech] noun------------------------------------------------------------[English Word] gauge[English Plural] gauges[Swahili Word] kipimo[Swahili Plural] vipimo[Part of Speech] noun[Class] 7/8[Derived Language] Swahili[Derived Word] -pima------------------------------------------------------------[English Word] marking gauge[English Plural] gauges[Swahili Word] mahati[Swahili Plural] mahati[Part of Speech] noun[Class] 9/10------------------------------------------------------------[English Word] water gauge[English Plural] water gauges[Swahili Word] kipimo cha maji[Swahili Plural] vipimo vya maji[Part of Speech] noun[Class] 7/8[Derived Language] Swahili[Derived Word] -pima[Related Words] maji------------------------------------------------------------[English Word] water gauge[English Plural] gauges[Swahili Word] pimamaji[Swahili Plural] pimamaji[Part of Speech] noun[Class] 9/10------------------------------------------------------------[English Word] water gauge[English Plural] gauges[Swahili Word] pimasharazi[Swahili Plural] pimasharazi[Part of Speech] noun[Class] 9/10[Note] rare------------------------------------------------------------ -
20 Spooner, Charles Easton
[br]b. 1818 Maentwrog, Merioneth (now Gwynedd), Walesd. 18 November 1889 Portmadoc (now Porthmadog), Wales[br]English engineer, pioneer of narrow-gauge steam railways.[br]At the age of 16 Charles Spooner helped his father, James, to build the Festiniog Railway, a horse-and-gravity tramroad; they maintained an even gradient and kept costs down by following a sinuous course along Welsh mountainsides and using a very narrow gauge. This was probably originally 2 ft 1 in. (63.5 cm) from rail centre to rail centre; with the introduction of heavier, and therefore wider, rails the gauge between them was reduced and was eventually standardized at 1 ft 11 1/2 in (60 cm). After James Spooner's death in 1856 Charles Spooner became Manager and Engineer of the Festiniog Railway and sought to introduce steam locomotives. Widening the gauge was impracticable, but there was no precedent for operating a public railway of such narrow gauge by steam. Much of the design work for locomotives for the Festiniog Railway was the responsibility of C.M.Holland, and many possible types were considered: eventually, in 1863, two very small 0–4–0 tank locomotives, with tenders for coal, were built by George England.These locomotives were successful, after initial problems had been overcome, and a passenger train service was introduced in 1865 with equal success. The potential for economical operation offered by such a railway attracted widespread attention, the more so because it had been effectively illegal to build new passenger railways in Britain to other than standard gauge since the Gauge of Railways Act of 1846.Spooner progressively improved the track, alignment, signalling and rolling stock of the Festiniog Railway and developed it from a tramroad to a miniaturized main line. Increasing traffic led to the introduction in 1869 of the 0–4–4–0 double-Fairlie locomotive Little Wonder, built to the patent of Robert Fairlie. This proved more powerful than two 0–4–0s and impressive demonstrations were given to engineers from many parts of the world, leading to the widespread adoption of narrow-gauge railways. Spooner himself favoured a gauge of 2 ft 6 in. (76 cm) or 2 ft 9 in. (84 cm). Comparison of the economy of narrow gauges with the inconvenience of a break of gauge at junctions with wider gauges did, however, become a continuing controversy, which limited the adoption of narrow gauges in Britain.Bogie coaches had long been used in North America but were introduced to Britain by Spooner in 1872, when he had two such coaches built for the Festiniog Railway. Both of these and one of its original locomotives, though much rebuilt, remain in service.Spooner, despite some serious illnesses, remained Manager of the Festiniog Railway until his death.[br]Bibliography1869, jointly with G.A.Huddart, British patent no. 1,487 (improved fishplates). 1869, British patent no. 2,896 (rail-bending machinery).1871, Narrow Gauge Railways, E. \& F.N.Spon (includes his description of the Festiniog Railway, reports of locomotive trials and his proposals for narrow-gauge railways).Further ReadingJ.I.C.Boyd, 1975, The Festiniog Railway, Blandford: Oakwood Press; C.E.Lee, 1945, Narrow-Gauge Railways in North Wales, The Railway Publishing Co. (both give good descriptions of Spooner and the Festiniog Railway).C.Hamilton Ellis, 1965, Railway Carriages in the British Isles, London: George Allen \& Unwin, pp. 181–3. Pihl, Carl Abraham.PJGRBiographical history of technology > Spooner, Charles Easton
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